MedMathsMedMaths
Browse
Home / Calculators / Critical Care

Critical Care Calculators

Critical care calculators for common ICU/ED maths — including MAP, A–a gradient, and quick ratio checks — with formulas, worked examples, and FAQs.

Jump to:MAP|A–a gradient|Shock index|FAQs

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Calculate MAP from systolic and diastolic blood pressure

A–a Gradient

Alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient for ABG interpretation

Shock Index

Quick haemodynamic assessment: HR ÷ SBP

How Critical Care Calculations Work

Critical care calculations support fast, consistent arithmetic for haemodynamics and lab relationships used in critical care documentation and quick clinical checks. These tools help clinicians assess perfusion, tissue oxygenation, and haemodynamic stability.

Inputs need correct units and clinical context. Calculators reduce arithmetic mistakes but do not replace clinical judgement, assessment, or institutional protocols.

Common Critical Care Calculations Explained

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

MAP is an estimate of average arterial pressure calculated from systolic and diastolic BP.

Example question:

BP is 110/70 mmHg. What is the MAP?

MAP = (SBP + 2×DBP) ÷ 3

Worked example:

1SBP = 110
22×DBP = 2×70 = 140
3MAP = (110 + 140) ÷ 3 = 250 ÷ 3 = 83.3

Answer: MAP ≈ 83 mmHg

Tip: Diastolic counts twice in this estimate.

A–a Gradient (Alveolar–Arterial Oxygen Gradient)

A–a gradient compares estimated alveolar oxygen (PAO₂) to measured arterial oxygen (PaO₂). It's a structured calculation used alongside ABG interpretation.

Example question:

FiO₂ is 0.40, PaCO₂ is 40 mmHg, and PaO₂ is 90 mmHg. Estimate PAO₂ and then calculate A–a gradient (sea-level example).

PAO₂ ≈ FiO₂ × (Patm − PH₂O) − (PaCO₂ ÷ R) A–a gradient = PAO₂ − PaO₂ (Use the calculator's built-in constants)

Worked example:

1Enter FiO₂, PaCO₂, and PaO₂ into the A–a calculator
2Calculator estimates PAO₂ using the alveolar gas equation
3Subtract PaO₂ from PAO₂ to get A–a gradient

Answer: A–a gradient = PAO₂ − PaO₂ (calculator provides exact).

Tip: Make sure units match what the calculator expects (mmHg vs kPa).

Shock Index

Shock index is a quick ratio check: heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure.

Example question:

HR is 120 bpm and SBP is 90 mmHg. What is the shock index?

Shock index = HR ÷ SBP

Worked example:

1HR = 120
2SBP = 90
3Shock index = 120 ÷ 90 = 1.33

Answer: Shock index ≈ 1.33

Tip: HR ÷ SBP. Keep it simple.

When These Calculators Are Used

  • •Converting BP readings into MAP for documentation and quick checks
  • •Performing structured ABG-related calculations (e.g., A–a gradient) when required
  • •Quick ratio checks (e.g., shock index) during assessment
  • •Double-checking arithmetic and unit conversions in high-acuity settings
  • •Education/study for core critical care formulas

Clinical Safety Note

Critical care calculations depend on correct inputs and units (mmHg vs kPa, FiO₂ as a fraction vs %). These calculators support calculation checking but do not replace clinical assessment, protocols, or professional judgement. Examples on this page are for calculation practice only.

Related Calculator Categories

Clinical Scores

Risk assessment tools

Cardiology

Cardiac calculations

Lab Corrections

Lab value adjustments

Frequently Asked Questions

Clinical reminder: Always follow local protocols and consult medication information sheets. These examples are for calculation practice only.

Related Calculators

MAP Calculator

Mean arterial pressure

ABG Tools

Lab corrections

Unit Conversion

kPa ↔ mmHg

Product

  • Calculators

Legal

  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Medical Disclaimer
  • Cookie Policy

Information

  • About Us
  • Contact

Data Protection

  • Calculator inputs processed locally
  • Not stored by us
  • Evidence-based formulas
MedMaths

© 2026 MedMaths. All rights reserved.

Contact us: medmaths.calc@gmail.com

If this is a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately (e.g., 000 AU / 911 US / 112 EU/UK) or go to your nearest emergency department.

MedMaths is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.