Emmett M, Narins RG. Emmett M, Narins RG — Clinical use of the anion gap. Medicine(Baltimore). 1977;56(1):38-54
Clinical interpretation history. Emmett and Narins should not be described as inventors of anion-gap arithmetic.
RG
Research history
Robert G. Narins
Research profile. Robert G. Narins is not affiliated with or endorsed by MedMaths.
Nephrology and medical education
Start with the source
Read the original research record
The linked publication is the foundation of this reference profile.
Overview
Robert G. Narins, MD, was a nephrologist especially recognised for education in fluid, electrolyte and acid-base medicine. The American Society of Nephrology named its major education award after him, reflecting his influence as a teacher and mentor. With Michael Emmett, he co-authored the 1977 review “Clinical use of the anion gap,” an important work on clinical interpretation rather than the invention of anion-gap arithmetic.
- Specialty
- Nephrology and medical education
Evidence trail
Original research
This is a research history profile. A calculator link will only be added when a matching calculator exists and the relationship has been separately verified.
Continue with the explanation
Related MedMaths guides
These guides explain the calculation, comparison or interpretation questions connected to this research history. This researcher profile provides background on the published work; it is not a calculator or clinical recommendation.
Continue exploring
Researchers connected to this work
ME
Michael Emmett, MD, MACP, is a nephrologist and medical educator whose work has focused on acid-base disorders, fluid and electrolyte physiology, mineral metabolism and kidney disease. He is Chief of Internal Medicine Emeritus at Baylor University Medical Center. In 1977, with Robert G. Narins, he published the influential review “Clinical use of the anion gap,” which helped establish the anion gap as a practical framework for evaluating acid-base disorders; the paper did not invent the underlying arithmetic.
1 publicationProfile
About this profile
This source-based research reference profile draws on the original publications above and verified external sources. Robert G. Narins is not affiliated with or endorsed by MedMaths. Unconfirmed fields are left blank rather than estimated.
Reference data verified: 2026-08-11
See the methodology and editorial policy for the wider sourcing process.