Smithline-Gardner Calculated Serum Osmolality Formula
Equation attributed to Neil Smithline.
Used for: Clinical estimation of serum/plasma osmolality from sodium, glucose and urea/BUN measurements
NS
Laboratory methods
Neil Smithline
Research profile. Neil Smithline is not affiliated with or endorsed by MedMaths.
Renal medicine
Smithline-Gardner Calculated Serum Osmolality Formula
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Overview
Neil Smithline, MD, was affiliated with the Department of Medicine, Renal Section, University of Arizona College of Medicine and the Veterans Administration Hospital in Tucson when he co-authored the 1976 JAMA article ‘Gaps—Anionic and Osmolal.’ The paper described the bedside use of anion and osmolal gaps and is associated with the simple calculated-serum-osmolality equation used by MedMaths. This profile is deliberately limited to details verified from the original publication record.
- Specialty
- Renal medicine
- Institutions
- University of Arizona College of Medicine; Veterans Administration Hospital, Tucson
Formula history
Research contributions
Evidence trail
Original research
Smithline N, Gardner KD Jr. Smithline N, Gardner KD Jr — Gaps—Anionic and Osmolal. JAMA. 1976;236(14):1594-1597
Historical source for the 1976 Smithline-Gardner bedside osmolal-gap framework associated with the simple calculated-osmolality equation used by MedMaths. This attribution is not a claim that the authors were the first to calculate serum osmolality.
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Smithline-Gardner Calculated Serum Osmolality Formula
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About this profile
This profile summarizes the published work and draws on the original publications above and verified external sources. It isn't a calculator or clinical advice. Neil Smithline isn't affiliated with MedMaths and hasn't endorsed it. Anything we couldn't confirm is left blank, not estimated.
Reference data verified: 2026-08-12
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